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à¾×èÍá¡é»Ñ­ËÒ¡ÒÃÍéÒ§ª×èÍÃØ蹢ͧ CPU 㹡ÒâÒ CPU àÅÕ¹Ẻ¨Ò¡·Ò§ AMD áÅÐ Cyrix ·Ò§ Intel ¨Ö§µÑ´ÊԹ㨨´ÅÔ¢ÊÔ·¸Ôìª×èÍ CPU ¢Í§µ¹ áµè ª×èÍ·Õèà»ç¹µÑÇàÅ¢¹Ñé¹ äÁèÊÒÁÒö¨´·ÐàºÕ¹ÅÔ¢ÊÔ·¸Ôìä´é ¨Ö§ä´é·Ó¡ÒÃà»ÅÕ蹪×èÍ CPU ã¹ generation ·Õè 5 ¢Í§µ¹à»ç¹ Pentium ( Pentium ÁÕÃÒ¡ÈѾ·ìÁÒ¨Ò¡ Penta ·Õèá»ÅÇèÒ 5 ) «Ö觵èÍÁÒ ¡çàÃÕ¡ÇèÒ Pentium Classic 

áÅоÃéÍÁæ ¡Ñ¹¹Ñé¹àͧ ¡çä´éà¡Ô´ slogan ¢Í§ Intel «Ö觨еԴÁÒ¾ÃéÍÁæ¡Ñº CPU ¢Í§µ¹ÇèÒ "Intel Inside" à¾×èÍÊÃéÒ§¤ÇÒÁÁÑè¹ã¨ãËéá¡èÅÙ¡¤éҢͧµ¹ ÇèÒä´é CPU ¢Í§µ¹ ( Intel ) á¹èæ 

·Ò§ Intel ä´é»ÃСÒȵÑÇ CPU Intel Pentium ã¹»Õ 1993 â´Âà¾ÔèÁ Cache ÀÒÂã¹ ËÃ×Í L1 Cache à»ç¹ 2 à·èÒ¨Ò¡ÃØè¹ 486 ¤×Í ¨Ò¡ 8 K à»ç¹ 16 K áµèáºè§Ë¹éÒ·Õè¡Ò÷ӧҹ¢Í§ Cache à»ç¹ 2 Êèǹ ¤×Í à»ç¹ Data Cache ãªéÊÓËÃѺà¡çº¢éÍÁÙÅ·Õè¨Ðãªé»ÃÐÁÇżŠÁÕ¢¹Ò´ 8 K áÅÐ ÍÕ¡Êèǹ˹Öè§ à»ç¹ Instruction Cache «Öè§ãªéà¡çº¤ÓÊÑ觵èÒ§æ ·Õè¨Ðãªé㹡ÒûÃÐÁÇżŠÍÕ¡ 8 K 

ã¹Êèǹ¢Í§·ÃÒ¹«ÔÊàµÍÃìÀÒÂã¹ ¡çà¾ÔèÁ¨Ò¡ 486 «Öè§ÁÕ»ÃÐÁÒ³ 1.2 ÅéÒ¹µÑÇ ä»à»ç¹ 3.1 ÅéÒ¹µÑÇ áÅÐ ã¹Êèǹ¢Í§¡ÒûÃÐÁÇżŠ¡çà»ÅÕ蹨ҡà´ÔÁÁÒà»ç¹ 32 Bit áµèã¹Êèǹ¢Í§ FPU ¹Ñé¹ãªé 64 Bit ´Ñ§¹Ñé¹ pin µÃ§ interface ·Õèãªé ¡çµéͧÃͧÃѺ¡ÒÃÊè§/ÃѺ ¢éÍÁÙÅ¢¹Ò´ 64 Bit ´éÇ ·ÓãËéµéͧà»ÅÕè¹ Interface ´éÇ ·ÓãËé CPU Intel Pentium äÁèÊÒÁÒöãªéº¹ Mainboard ¢Í§ 486 ä´é àÃÕ¡ Interface ¹ÕéÇèÒ SPGA «Öè§Áըӹǹªèͧ¢ÒÊÓËÃѺãÊè pin ·Ñé§ËÁ´ 296 ¢Ò ËÃ×Í ·ÕèàÃÒàÃÕ¡¡Ñ¹¨¹µÔ´»Ò¡ÇèÒà»ç¹ Socket 7 ¹Ñè¹àͧ áÅÐ ä¿àÅÕ駢ͧ CPU ¡çà»ÅÕè¹ÁÒà»ç¹ 5 Volt ã¹ Pentium ÃØè¹ááæ ( Pentium 60 áÅÐ Pentium 66 ) áµèµèÍÁÒ3.3 Volt à¾ÃÒСÒÃãªéä¿·Õè 5 Volt ¹Ñé¹ ·ÓãËé¤ÇÒÁÃé͹·Õèà¡Ô´¢Öé¹ÊÙ§ÁÒ¡ ¨Ö§ä´éÅ´ä¿àÅÕé§ŧ ÃÇÁ¶Ö§à»ÅÕè¹ÁÒãªé system bus ·Õè 50 , 60 áÅÐ 66 MHz ´éÇ 

CPU Intel Pentium ¹Õé ä´éà¾ÔèÁ Architecture à¢éÒä»ãËÁè·ÕèàÃÕ¡ÇèÒ "super-scalar" «Ö觡ç·ÓãËé»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾â´ÂÃÇÁà¾ÔèÁ¢Öé¹ÁÒ¨Ò¡ 486 ÁÒ¡ â´Â੾ÒлÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀҾ㹴éÒ¹¡ÒûÃÐÁÇżÅàÅ¢¨Ó¹Ç¹àµçÁ ·Õèà¾ÔèÁ¢Öé¹à»ç¹à·èÒµÑÇàÅ·Õà´ÕÂÇ 

àÃÒÁÒ´ÙÅѡɳÐà´è¹æ ¢Í§ Intel Pentium ¡Ñ¹´Õ¡ÇèÒ 

áµèÍÂèÒ§äáçµÒÁ 㹪èǧ·Õè Pentium ÇÒ§µÅÒ´äÁè¹Ò¹ ¡çÁÕ¢èÒÇ·Õè·ÓãËé·Ò§ Intel µéͧÊÐÍÖ¡ ¹Ñ鹡ç¤×Í㹪èǧ»ÅÒÂ»Õ ( »ÃÐÁÒÅà´×͹ ¾ÄȨԡÒ¹ ) 1994 ( ¾.È. 2537 ) ÁÕ¡Òþº Bug ËÃ×Í¢éͼԴ¾ÅҴ㹡ÒäӹǹàÅ¢·È¹ÔÂÁ «Öè§à¡Ô´¢Ö鹡Ѻ¡ÒÃËÒà ¨¹à»ç¹¢èÒÇáÅзÓãËé¼Ùé«×éÍà¡Ô´¤ÇÒÁÅѧàÅÍÂÙè¾ÍÊÁ¤Çà ·ÓãËé Intel µéͧàÃè§á¡é»Ñ­ËÒ¹Õé áÅÐ ÍÍ¡á¶Å§¡Òóìá¡é¢èÒǨ¹ÇØè¹àÅ·Õà´ÕÂÇ â´Â·Ò§ Intel ¡çÂÔ¹´Õà»ÅÕè¹ CPU ·ÕèÁջѭËÒ¹Ñé¹ãËé ( ÃØè¹·ÕèÁջѭËÒ¤×ÍÃØè¹ááæ ä´éá¡è Pentium 60 áÅÐ Pentium 66 ) 
 
 

AMD 5x86 áÅÐ AMD K5 

ÊÓËÃѺ AMD ¹Ñé¹ àÁ×èÍᡵÑÇÍÍ¡ÁÒ¨Ò¡ Intel áÅÐ ¼ÅÔµ CPU àÅÕ¹Ẻ CPU ¢Í§ Intel â´Âãªé Microcode ¢Í§ Intel «Ö觡ç¼ÅÔµÁÒ¨¹¶Ö§ÃØè¹ AMD 5x86 «Ö觡çà»ç¹ CPU ·ÕèÁÕ¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇÁÒ¡¶Ö§ 133 MHz ãªéµÑǤٳ·Õè 4 ( 33x4 ) ·ÓãËé»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾â´Â·ÑèÇæä» ¹Ñé¹ã¡Åéà¤Õ§¡Ñº ÃдѺ Intel Penium 75 àÅ·Õà´ÕÂÇ áµèâ´Âʶһѵ¡ÃÃÁÀÒÂã¹áÅéÇ ¡çàËÁ×͹æ¡Ñº 486DX ¹Ñè¹àͧ à¾ÃÒÐ äÁèãªè Superscalar Design à¾Õ§áµè Áѹà¾ÔèÁ¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇ¢Öé¹ÁÒà·èÒ¹Ñé¹àͧ áµè¡çÁÕºéÒ§ÊÓËÃѺºÒ§¤ÓÊÑè§ ·ÕèÁѹÊÒÁÒö·Ó§Ò¹ä´éàÊÃç¨ÀÒÂã¹ 1 ÃͺÊÑ­­Ò³¹ÒÌÔ¡Ò 

AMD 5x86 ¹Ñé¹ ÁÕ Cache ÀÒÂã¹ ËÃ×Í L1 Cache ¢¹Ò´ 16 K áÅÐ à»ç¹áºº Write Back à»ç¹ CPU Ẻ 32 Bit áÅÐ ãªé¤ÇÒÁ¡ÇéÒ§¢Í§àÊé¹·Ò§¢éÍÁÙÅ 32 Bit ÃÇÁ¶Ö§ÊÒÁÒöÍéÒ§µÓá˹è§ä´é 32 Bit ´éÇ 

â´ÂÃÒ¤Ò¹Ñé¹ ¡ç¶Ù¡ÁÒ¡æ áÅÐ ¤Ô´¤Ø³ÀÒ¾µèÍÃÒ¤Ò ¡ç¨Ñ´ÇèÒ¤ØéÁ¤èÒÁÒ¡æ â´Âãªé Pin áÅÐ Mainboard Ẻ 486 ä´é 

áÅÐ µèÍÁÒ ·Ò§ AMD ¡çä´éËѹÁÒ¼ÅÔµ CPU ·Õèà»ç¹¢Í§µÑÇàͧºéÒ§ â´Â·Ó¡ÒÃÍ͡Ẻʶһѵ¡ÃÃÁÀÒÂã¹ãËÁèàͧ·Ñé§ËÁ´ áÅÐ à»ÅÕ蹪×èÍ CPU ¢Í§µ¹ «Ö觨ѴÇèÒà»ç¹ Generation ·Õè 5 àÊÕÂãËÁèÇèÒ AMD K5 «Öè§ã¹ªèǧáÃ¡æ ¡çÂѧ¤§àÃÕ¡ÇèÒ AMD 5k86 à¾×èÍÁÔãËé¼Ùéãªéà¡Ô´¡ÒÃÊѺʹ áÅÐ à»ÃÕºà·ÕºÃØ蹢ͧ CPU äÁè¶Ù¡ 

â´Âʶһѵ¡ÃÃÁ¢Í§ AMD K5 ¹Ñé¹ä´é spec µèÒ§æ à»ç¹à·èÒµÑǢͧ Intel Pentium áÅÐä´éÁÕ¡ÒÃãªé P-Rating ( ËÃ×Í PR ) à»ç¹µÑÇÇÑ´»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾ à·Õº¡Ñº CPU ¢Í§ Intel Pentium «Ö觻ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾¢Í§ AMD K5 ¹Ñé¹ ¡ç¨Ñ´ä´éÇèÒ´ÕàÂÕèÂÁ·Õà´ÕÂÇ à¾Õ§áµè ÃØè¹¹ÕéÍÍ¡ÁÒªéÒ áÅТҴ¡ÒÃâ»ÃâÁ··Õè´Õ ·ÓãËéäÁèä´éÃѺ¡ÒùÔÂÁà·èÒ·Õè¤Çà ·Ñé§æ ·Õè¤ÇÒÁÊÒÁÒö¹Ñé¹ ¡çà·Õºà·èҡѺ Intel Pentium ( ¨ÐÁÕ¡çáµèã¹Êèǹ¢Í§ FPU ·ÕèÂѧ¤§µÒÁËÅѧÍÂÙè ) áÅÐ ÃÒ¤Ò¹Ñé¹ ¡ç¶Ù¡¡ÇèÒ Intel Pentium ÍÂÙè¾ÍÊÁ¤ÇÃàªè¹¡Ñ¹ 

àÃÒÁÒ´ÙÅѡɳÐà´è¹æ ¢Í§ AMD K5 ºéÒ§´Õ¡ÇèÒ 

• 4-issue core with full out-of-order execution and completion 
• áºè§ L1 Cache à»ç¹ÊͧÊèǹ ¤×Í 8 K ÊÓËÃѺ Cache ¢éÍÁÙÅ áÅÐ ÍÕ¡ 16 K ÊÓËÃѺ Cache ¤ÓÊÑ觠
• ã¹Êèǹ¢Í§ Cache ¢éÍÁÙÅ ¨Ðà»ç¹ Cache Ẻ WriteBack 
• Dynamic, block-oriented branch prediction with speculative execution 
• 5-stage RISC-like pipeline 
• 6 parallel functional units 
• High-performance FPU 
• Validated software compatibility 
• Static clock control with AMD-patented Digital Phase Lock Loop (DLL) circuitry 
• 64-bit Pentium-compatible áÅÐãªé Socket 7 àªè¹à´ÕÂǡѺ Pentium 
• ãªé System Bus à»ç¹ 60 áÅÐ 66 MHz 
• Compatibility with existing 586-class systems and supporting designs 
• ãªéä¿àÅÕé§ CPU 3.52 MHz 

¼Á¨Ð¢Í¡ÅèÒǶ֧ NextGen 5x86 ÊÑ¡¹Ô´Ë¹Öè§ à¾ÃÒÐ ºÃÔÉÑ·¹Õé ¶Ù¡ AMD à¢éÒ«×éÍ áÅÐ ÃÇÁà·¤â¹âÅÂÕ à¢éÒà»ç¹ CPU ã¹ÂؤãËÁè 㹪èǧàÇÅҶѴÁÒ â´Â CPU ¢Í§ NextGen ã¹ÊÁѹÑé¹ ¤×Í 5x86 ÁդسÊÁºÑµÔ·Õè´ÙáÅéǹèÒʹã¨ÁÒ¡æ àÅ·Õà´ÕÂÇ áµè¡çÁÕ¢éÍ´éÍ·Õè¹èÒàÊÕ´ÒÂãªè¹éÍÂàªè¹¡Ñ¹ ÁÒ´ÙÅѡɳÐà´è¹æ¢Í§ Nx586 ¡Ñ¹´Õ¡ÇèÒ 

• Superscalar Execution 
• ÁÕ 2 Pipeline áÅÐÊÒÁÒö¨Ñ´¡ÒáѺ¤ÓÊÑè§áººäÁèàÃÕ§ÅӴѺä´é 
• áºè§ Cache ÃдѺ 1 ÍÍ¡à»ç¹ Êèǹ¢éÍÁÙÅ áÅÐ Êèǹ¤ÓÊÑ觠
• Branch Prediction 
• 64-bit bus 

• RISC86 Microarchitecture ¨Ò¡¾×é¹°Ò¹¡Ò÷ӧҹ¢Í§ RISC ¹Ñé¹ ¨ÐàÃçÇáÅÐ ÁÕ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾â´ÂÃÇÁ ÊÙ§¡ÇèÒẺ CISC ´Ñ§¹Ñé¹ ¡ÒÃà¾ÔèÁ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾ãËé¡Ñº CPU µÃСÙÅ x86 «Öè§à»ç¹ CISC ¡çâ´Â¡Òà á»Å§¤ÓÊÑ觢ͧ RISC ÁÒãªéº¹ CISC «Ö觡çàÃÕ¡ÇèÒà»ç¹ RISC86 «Ö觼ŷÕèä´é¡ç¤×Í 
1. ä´é»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀҾẺ RISC ÊÓËÃѺ¤ÓÊÑ觢ͧ x86 ·Õèà»ç¹ CISC 
2. ˹èÇ¡Ò÷ӧҹ ËÃ×Í Execution Unit ¡ç¨ÐÁÕ¢¹Ò´àÅç¡Å§ 
3. ˹èÇ¡Ò÷ӧҹ¨ÐÁÕ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾´Õ¢Öé¹ 
4. §èÒµèÍ¡ÒÃà¾ÔèÁ˹èÇ¡Ò÷ӧҹã¹ÀÒÂÀҤ˹éÒ «Ö觹͡¨Ò¡¨Ð·ÓãËéÁÕ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾Ê٧㹪èǧ¹Ñé¹áÅéÇ Âѧà¼×èÍÊÓËÃѺ͹ҤµµèÍä»ä´éÍÕ¡´éÇ 

 
• On-chip L2 Cache Controller Nx586 ¹Ñ鹨ÐÁÕµÑǤǺ¤ØÁ¡Ò÷ӧҹ¢Í§ L2 Cache ( ·ÕèÍÂÙ躹 Mainboard ) ÍÂÙèã¹µÑÇ CPU àͧàÅ ·ÓãËéÊÒÁÒö¤Çº¤ØÁ¡Ò÷ӧҹãËéä´é»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾ÁÒ¡ ¡ÇèÒ¡Ò÷Õè¨ÐãËéµÑǤǺ¤ØÁº¹ Mainboard à»ç¹µÑǤǺ¤ØÁ «Öè§á¹è¹Í¹ ¡Ò÷ӧҹ¢Í§ L2 Cache ¡ç¨Ð·Ó§Ò¹´éǤÇÒÁàÃçÇ·Õèà·èÒæ¡Ñº¤ÇÒÁàÃçǢͧ CPU àÅ «Ö觡ç¨Ð·ÓãËéä´é»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾ÊÙ§¢Öé¹ÍÕ¡ 

1. ãªé Socket ·ÕèµèÒ§¨Ò¡ Pentium áÅÐ K5 ÍÕ¡·Ñé§Âѧãªéä¿àÅÕé§ 4 Volt ´éÇ ·ÓãËéµéͧÍ͡Ẻ Mainboard ÁÒ੾ÒеÑÇàÅ 
2. äÁèʹѺʹع¡Ò÷ӧҹàªÔ§·È¹ÔÂÁ ·ÓãËéäÁè compatible ¡Ñº ¤ÓÊÑè§à¡èÒæ ºÒ§¤ÓÊÑ觢ͧ 486 DX áÅÐ »ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾´éÒ¹¹Õé´éÍÂŧ件¹Ñ´µÒ 

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P-Rating ¹Ñé¹ à»ç¹ÁÒµÃ㹡ÒÃÇÑ´»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾¢Í§ CPU ·Õè§èÒµèͤÇÒÁà¢éÒ㨠«Öè§à¡Ô´¨Ò¡¤ÇÒÁÃèÇÁÁ×Í㹡ÒáÓ˹´ÁҵðҹÃèÇÁ¡Ñ¹ÃÐËÇèÒ§ AMD, Cyrix, IBM áÅÐ SGS Thomson â´Âãªéâ»Ãá¡ÃÁ Winstone à»ç¹µÑÇ·´Êͺ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾ ( ã¹ÊÁѹÑé¹ãªé Winstone 96 ) 

·ÓäÁµéͧà»ç¹ P-Rating?
¡çà¾ÃÒÐÇèÒ àÁ×èÍ Intel µÑ´ÊԹ㨨´ÅÔ¢ÊÔ·¸Ôìª×èÍ Pentium áÅéÇ AMD, Cyrix áÅÐ à¨éÒÍ×è¹æ ¡çäÁèÊÒÁÒö¨Ðãªéª×èÍ Pentium ä´é «Öè§áµèÃØè¹ 286, 386 ËÃ×ÍáÁéáµè 486 ·Õè¼èÒ¹ÁÒ äÁèÇèҨТͧ Intel , AMD , Cyrix ËÃ×Íà¨éÒäË¹æ ¡çãªéª×è͹Õéä´é áµèàÁ×èÍà¡Ô´à˵ءÒóì¹Õé¢Öé¹ ¡çÍÒ¨ÊÃéÒ§¤ÇÒÁ§Ø¹§§á¡è¼Ùé«×éÍ ÇèÒÃØè¹ãËÁèæ ¢Í§ AMD, Cyrix ¹Ñé¹ ¨ÐàÍÒä»à·ÕºÃØ蹡Ѻ Pentium ·Õèà·èÒäà ¨Ö§à¡Ô´Áҵðҹ¹Õé¢Öé¹ÁÒ 

¡Ò÷´Êͺ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾à¾×èÍËÒ¤èÒ PR ¹Ñé¹ ¡ç·Óâ´Âãªé CPU Intel Pentium ÇÑ´»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾´éÇ Winstone ã¹ÃдѺµèÒ§æ ¨Ò¡¹Ñé¹ ¨Ö§àÍÒ CPU Intel Pentium ÍÍ¡ áÅéÇ àÍÒ AMD K5 ( ËÃ×Í Í×è¹æ ) ãÊèŧä»á·¹ áÅéÇ ÇÑ´»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾à»ÃÕºà·Õº¡Ñ¹ â´Â·ÕèÍØ»¡Ã³ìÍ×è¹æ Âѧ¤§àËÁ×͹à´ÔÁ µèÒ§¡Ñ¹·Õè CPU à·èÒ¹Ñé¹ 

¶éÒ AMD K5 ¹Ñé¹ ÁÕ P-Rating à»ç¹ 100 ( PR 100 ) ¹Ñ蹡çËÁÒ¤ÇÒÁÇèÒ CPU µÑǹÑé¹ÁÕ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾·Õèà·Õºà·èÒ ËÃ×Í à˹×Í¡ÇèÒ CPU ¢Í§ Intel Pentium ·Õè¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇ 100 MHz ËÃ×Í AMD K5 PR 133 ¡çËÁÒ¤ÇÒÁÇèÒ ÁÕ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾ã¹ÃдѺà´ÕÂǡѹËÃ×ÍÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒ Intel Pentium 133 MHz ¹Ñè¹àͧ 

áµèÍÂèÒ§äáçµÒÁ "PR" ¹Ñé¹ ¡çäÁèãªèà»ç¹µÑǺ͡¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇ·Õèá·é¨ÃÔ§¢Í§ ¤ÇÒÁàÃçǢͧ CPU ´Ñ§·Õèä´éàËç¹áÅéǨҡµÑÇÍÂèÒ§¢éÒ§µé¹¢Í§ AMD »Ñ¨¨ØºÑ¹¹Õé ¡çàËÅ×Íáµè CPU ¢Í§ IBM áÅÐ Cyrix à·èÒ¹Ñé¹ ·ÕèÂѧ¤§ãªé PR à»ç¹µÑǺ͡ÃØ蹤ÇÒÁàÃçǢͧ CPU ¢Í§µ¹ 
 

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• Instruction Fetch ËÃ×Í ÀÒ¤ÃѺ¤ÓÊÑè§ ¨Ð·Ó˹éÒ·ÕèÃѺ¤ÓÊÑè§ãËÁèæ ·Ñ駨ҡ˹èǤÇÒÁ¨ÓËÅÑ¡ ËÃ×ͨҡ㹠Instruction Cache à¢éÒÁÒ à¾×èÍÊ觵èÍãËéÀÒ¤µèÍ仨Ѵ¡ÒõèÍ 
• Instruction Decode ËÃ×Í ÀÒ¤¡ÒÃá»Å¤ÓÊÑè§ ¤×Í ¨Ð·Ó˹éÒ·Õèá¡áÂФÓÊÑ觵èÒ§æ ¢Í§ CISC «Öè§ã¹µÍ¹·ÕèáÅéÇ àÃÒ·ÃÒºáÅéÇÇèÒ CISC ¹Ñé¹ ã¹áµèÅФÓÊÑè§ ¨ÐÁÕ¢¹Ò´·ÕèäÁèá¹è¹Í¹ µÃ§Êèǹ¹Õé¡ç¨Ð·Ó¡ÒëͤÓÊÑ觹Ñé¹à»ç¹¤ÓÊÑè§ÂèÍÂæ ãËéÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÂÒÇà·èÒæ¡Ñ¹ ã¹ÅѡɳÐàªè¹à´ÕÂǡѺ RISC àÃÕ¡¤ÓÊÑè§ÂèÍÂæ ¹Ñé¹ÇèÒ Micro Operation 
• Get Operands ËÃ×Í ÀÒ¤ÃѺ¢éÍÁÙÅ ¤×Í ÃѺ¢éÍÁÙÅ·Õè¨Ðãªé㹡ÒûÃÐÁÇżÅà¢éÒÁÒà¡çºäÇé àªè¹¨Ò¡¢Ñ鹵͹·Õè 2 àÃÒÃÙéÇèÒ¨Ðãªé¡Òà "ºÇ¡" ¡çµéͧÃѺ¤èÒ·Õè¨Ðãªé㹡Òúǡ ÁÒ´éÇÂÍÕ¡ 2 ¤èÒ ºÒ§·Õ¢Ñ鹵͹¹Õé ¡ç¶Ù¡ÃÇÁà¢éҡѺ¢Ñ鹵͹·Õè 2 
• Execute ËÃ×Í ÀÒ¤»ÃÐÁÇżŠà»ç¹¢Ñ鹵͹·Õè·Ó¡ÒûÃÐÁÇżŵÒÁ¤ÓÊÑè§áÅÐ operand ·Õèä´éÃѺÁÒ¨Ò¡¢Ñé¹·Õè 2 áÅÐ 3 «Öè§ ¶éÒãËé¢Ñé¹·Õè 2 à»ç¹¡ÒöʹÃËÑÊÇèÒà»ç¹¡Òúǡ ¢Ñé¹·Õè 3 ÃѺ¤èÒ·Õè¨ÐºÇ¡ ¢Ñé¹¹Õé ( ¢Ñé¹·Õè 4 ) ¡ç¨Ð·Ó¡ÒúǡãËéä´é¼ÅÅѾ¸ìÍÍ¡ÁÒ 
• Write Result ËÃ×Í ÀÒ¤¡ÒÃà¢Õ¹¢éÍÁÙÅ¡ÅѺ àÁ×èÍ·Ó¡ÒûÃÐÁÇżÅàÊÃç¨ÊÔé¹ ¼ÅÅѾ¸ì·Õèä´é¡ç¨Ð¹Óä»à¡çºäÇéã¹ register ËÃ×Í ã¹ Data Cache «Ö觺ҧ·Õ ¢Ñ鹵͹¹Õé ¡ç¶Ù¡ÁͧÃÇÁäÇé¡Ñº¢Ñé¹·Õè 4 

ÍÕ¡ÇÔ¸Õ˹Öè§ÊÓËÃѺà¾ÔèÁ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾¢Í§ CPU ¹Ñ蹡ç¤×Í ¡ÒÃãËé CPU ¹Ñé¹ÊÒÁÒö·Ó§Ò¹ËÅÒÂæ ¤ÓÊÑè§ä´é¾ÃéÍÁæ¡Ñ¹ ã¹ 1 ÊÑ­­Ò³¹ÒÌÔ¡Ò ËÃ×ÍÁÕËÅÒÂæ Pipeline ·ÓãËéÊÒÁÒö·Ó§Ò¹ä´éËÅÒÂæ ¤ÓÊÑ觾ÃéÍÁæ ¡Ñ¹ä´é 

àÃ×èͧ¢Í§ Pipeline áÅÐ SuperScalar ÊÒÁÒöÍèÒ¹ÃÒÂÅÐàÍÕ´à¾ÔèÁàµÔÁä´é·Õè Pipeline and SuperScalar ¤ÃѺ 
 

ÍèÒ¹à¾ÔèÁàµÔÁä´é·Õè RISC vs. CISC ¤ÃѺ